Questions to ask after a cancer diagnosis:

– What type of cancer do I have, and what stage is it?

Understanding the exact diagnosis—such as cancer subtype and stage—is crucial, as it informs treatment, prognosis, and further testing (e.g., genetic testing, imaging). It’s important to ask for clear explanations and copies of pathology reports.
Additional resources: (American Cancer Society, Research Outreach, Harvard Health )

– Has the cancer spread (metastasis)?

The presence or absence of spread determines treatment strategy. Asking about tests like CT, PET, bone scans, or MRI can clarify this. Information on tumour markers or staging is also relevant .

– What are my treatment options, and which do you recommend?

Treatments could include surgery, chemotherapy, radiation, immunotherapy, hormonal or targeted therapies, or a combination. You should ask for the rationale behind each option, their goals (e.g., cure vs. control), timelines, and how they fit your personal circumstances.
Additional resources: (NHS ,Cancer Research UK)

– What are the potential side effects, and how do I manage them?

Side effects can vary—from fatigue, nausea, and hair loss to more specific issues like fertility loss. Understanding how to monitor, manage, and who to call in emergencies is essential. Fatigue, for instance, is common but can be mitigated prehabilitation or prehab (exercise, good nutrition, and psychological support).
Additional resources: (MacMillan, QuestPrehab, NHS )

– Should I get a second opinion?

Yes. A second opinion, especially from a cancer centre or specialist pathologist, can confirm diagnosis and treatment plan.
Additional resources: (Cancer Research UK, Science Direct , NHS )

– What is my prognosis, and what should I expect long-term?

Your prognosis depends on cancer type, stage, and response to treatment. Ask if the goal is curative or palliative, and how often you’ll need follow-ups. Also, ask about long-term risks, such as recurrence and chronic side effects.
Additional resources: (PubMed, Journal of Clinical Oncology , Prostate Cancer UK )

– What is Prehabilitation (and how can Digital Prehabilitation help?)

Prehabilitation involves physical, nutritional, and psychological interventions after diagnosis but before treatment. It aims to enhance physical and mental resilience, reduce complications, and accelerate recovery. Digital prehabilitation, delivered via apps, telemedicine, or web platforms, allows remote monitoring and personalised plans. Benefits of digital prehab include: Accessibility, Consistency, Personalisation, Psychological support.
Additional resources: (PubMed, Science Direct , QuestPrehab, Annals of Oncology )